Was Walt Disney A Saint, An Evil Sinner Or The Devil Incarnate? The Truth About Some Of Those Nasty Disney Stories!

Some rumors regarding Walt Disney have lived on far too long. Was he a Nazi? A super-secret FBI agent? Is he frozen somewhere in a vault? And why does the Christian right hate his company so much? Karl F. Cohen takes on all these myths and more to set the record straight.

Another distortion of the truth is Eliot saying Disney traveled to Reno and gave an "impassioned" speech. The FBI file says Mary Pickford read a telegram sent by Disney to the Reno event. Eliot quotes what he claims to be part of the speech, but actually he quotes the entire telegram! He knew full well Disney didn't travel to Reno.

Disney was made a Special Agent in Charge - Contact (SAC-Contact) by the FBI on January 12, 1955, which means he was recognized as an unpaid reference person that they could trust and call upon for information. Eliot calls the position a promotion for Disney and claims (but offers no proof or examples) that other spies reported to Disney once he became an SAC-Contact. As a friend of the FBI he did meet with them on a few occasions. He made a four-part newsreel about them for the Mickey Mouse Club and he once discussed making a film with their help about child molesters. He probably provided them information from his company's employment records, probably answered general questions about subjects that he was an expert on and possibly suggested where they might go to find information about questions he couldn't answer. According to news stories that came out after Eliot's book was published, Walt Disney never knew he was called an SAC-Contact by the FBI. It was simply an in-house specification that they used to designate trusted friends.

If you still feel there is something more sinister in the FBI calling Disney an SAC-Contact, you may recall that President Nixon met with Elvis and made him a drug officer. Photographs of the occasion have been published in recent years in history books and as postcards. They show Elvis and Nixon shaking hands. Does the meeting between Elvis and the President mean Elvis busted drug rings and turned in doctors who gave drug prescriptions to people with pill habits?

Eliot was really sloppy in developing his yarn. At one point he writes Disney filed his last FBI report in 1956 and that after 1957 "he seized every opportunity to ridicule the Bureau's personnel and tactics in his films." If Eliot is correct and Disney was not of service to the FBI after 1956, why does a memo dated October 11, 1960, from the head of the L.A. office to J. Edgar Hoover ask that he send SAC-Contact Walt Disney an autographed copy of his book Masters of Deceit? In the memo and in others up until the time of his death in December 1966, Disney was called "a valued contact of this office."

As for Disney trying to ridicule the Bureau, the only possible suggestion of this is the studio making two live-action slapstick comedies. In Moon Pilot, 1962, the script called for an FBI agent, but the character's title was changed to security officer at the request of the FBI before the film was made. The memos in the FBI file make it clear that Hoover disliked the idea of an agent in a comedy, but they also state that film critics and the public did not see the film as an attack on the Bureau.

When Disney purchased the rights to That Darned Cat he called the FBI office in L.A. (7/8/63) to tell them he was going to do the film. A memo about the call says, "He stated that this is a comedy, and that the FBI will be depicted in a very respectful manner. He stated he would never do anything which would depict the FBI in any other light."

When the FBI sends you a copy of Walt Disney's file they say there are pages missing and they don't explain what they might contain. Eliot decided they were sinister things, but most likely they concern more mundane problems. Several people testified before the House Un-American Activities Committee that they had been members of the Communist Party at the time they worked for Disney (1930s). Papers regarding those people would have been in Disney's file if they stated where the person worked. They are not in the records released to the public. Other pages might have been about the studio doing secret work for defense contractors during the Cold War (several had exhibits at Disneyland).

The list of errors and fabrications can go on and on. Besides there being more problems with his facts based on the FBI file, it appears he has almost no knowledge or interest in animation history. He makes serious errors that anyone who has carefully read Leonard Maltin's Of Mice and Magic would notice. I also wonder how he managed to quote so many conversations that took place decades ago between people that had been dead for many years.

Other Unauthorized Histories of Disney
The first unauthorized biography appeared in 1968, two years after his death. Richard Schickel's The Disney Version outraged Disney fans as he claimed Walt couldn't and didn't draw Mickey Mouse (true) and he couldn't sign his name in the fancy script that is the company logo (true). The next unauthorized biography, Bob Thomas' Walt Disney, An American Original, stuck close to an authorized biography written in 1957. In 1985 Leonard Mosley's Disney's World revealed a dubious story that Walt was born out of wedlock in Spain to different parents. Mosley's research is so poor that he gives a detailed description of Winsor McCay's Gertie the Dinosaur, 1914, but his description describes a different film.

On November 30, 2001, the Guardian in England published "The Spanish Connection," an extremely long article by their staff writer Giles Tremiett. He reports that Marc Eliot and Christopher Jones, son of a Disney press agent, are working independently to prove Walt was born in Spain. While the tale may make great reading for some, there is one bit of evidence the authors don't bother to explain. Walt looks too much like his brother Roy to be the bastard son of a Spanish nobleman and a washerwoman. Even if this were true, does anybody really care who his parents were? It is the man's outstanding contributions to 20th Century popular culture that is important.








Comments


It is a shame that given the opportunity to write about Disney, Karl F. Cohen wastes the chance to really discuss the problems Disney has caused. It would have been far more interesting for him to discuss the way animation has now become dominated by the 'Disney look' and how this look has effected the aesthetic of world animation. For most viewers outside of America the stance taken by the extreme right and church groups is just a reflection of the bigger soical problems america has. The real problem with Disney is that they produce bland rubbish. The edge of the early work has long since gone to be replaced by a corporate animation that offends no one (Apart from the nutters on the extreme right.) and says very little. The viewer is only required to sit passively and is never questioned or challenged by the work that is shown. I am talking about the animation that is produced and has now become a huge glode product. It seems that Disney animation is really only about making money and nothing to do with art, aesthetics or creativity. Animation that actually steps outside of this normal is rare on the ground, never shown in mainstream cinemas and is usually labelled alternative. If we look at what passes for major works of animation the vast majority has a look, storyline and content that really never changes. Sit and compare Dreamworks animation to Disney and one would not know who produced what. All I can say is thank god there is still a strong tradition of european animation that still requires the viewer to think and not be a passive viewer.
Tim Gray (not verified) | Thu, 08/08/2002 - 00:00 | Permalink
I found this article to be somewhat biased as well. Karl talks about certain things found in the Disney animated films (for kids, remember that) and dismisses them like it's no big deal. Oh just two frames of a topless woman and saying to face the facts of buildings are considered phallic??? Please excuse me, but I've never seen a building look the one shown on the cover of the little mermaid. When it involves kids, there's just no excuse. No excuse. I also can't believe that the writer has not seen the dust written word "sex" in the Lion King. I only found it when I heard this "rumor", and tried to check it out for myself. It was very easy to find, and I was just in shock when I saw it. Come on, what are we supposed to do when this kind of stuff happens? Dismiss it and say "Oh so and so has it in for Disney and they're just trying to find anything wrong with the company because they don't like them". No there's a reason and thank God for those people that see those things, else kids are being fed with this crap. And I think a very honest question is WHY?
George (not verified) | Mon, 08/05/2002 - 00:00 | Permalink
Great article ... nice to see someone else defend Walt besides me. On the Nazi issue, I would point out a fact I learned from "Walt Disney - The Man Behind The Myth," a special I saw on cable: Concerned with the rumors while considering presenting Walt with an award, the B'nai Brith Assoc (not sure of spelling) investigated him thoroughly and found the stories to be utterly baseless. To me, the idea is so ignorant ... oh, yeah, a Nazi would create "Der Fuerer's Face" and shut down production on features to produce military training films and adverts for War Bonds instead. It doesn't surprise me that Wildmon and the AFA have a stick up their behinds, this is the same moron who ruined "The Real Ghostbusters" with his comments about Janine being "too slutty" and Egon's science-speak being too heady (for him and his sheep, maybe) and the ghosts being too scary (hello, they're ghosts, isn't that the point?)... that's why succesive seasons became mindless drivel. He thought that Mighty Mouse sniffing a flower constituted drug references. If he's not smart enough to come live in the 21st century (or even the 20th) with the rest of us, he shouldn't try to influence TV, an invention that obviously frightens and confuses Mr. Unfrozen Caveman Preacher. Speaking of frozen, if all those sheep can believe in a 2000+ year-old book of fairy tales/moral plays, I can believe the coffin is really a cryogenic device ... makes about as much sense and has as much basis in fact, with a much happier outcome ... I'd love to see Walt come back and kick his ungrateful Nephew's butt up between his shoulders for that "Kiddy crap" remark Roy Edward made in the LA Times in '80 or '81, when he wanted to shut down the animation studio permanently. Eisner needs a boot to the head, too, for not giving credit where it is due to Tezuka for borrowing so much from "Kimba The White Lion" to bring us "The Lion King." If you don't believe me on this count, just watch the first episode of Kimba, and the episode where Claw (a dark brown lion with a black mane and one injured eye) is introduced, with his hyena henchmen ... you'll see that 90% of the film comes from this anime classic. Ah, well, Walt was an angel too good for this Earth, the rest of us are just imperfect mortals.
Nora Salisbury (not verified) | Fri, 08/02/2002 - 00:00 | Permalink
I find it interesting as I read the article and than read the view points of those that have posted their comments. It seems people are quick to get on a bandwagon no matter what the flag above that wagon is flying. This also relates to the writer of the article. I find that Karl F. Cohen seems to have a chip on his shoulder towards the AFA. Most of the article I find bais based upon how Karl wants to view Disney the person and the organization. If this was an article about Walt himself there is no reason to go into AFA and their views about Disney the corp. machine. I agree with someone else about Bob Thomas's WALT DISNEY:AN AMERICAN ORIGINAL. I thought that was a good show and vary balanced with lots of facts from both positive and negative about the man. I read this piece with a grain of salt. Overall it had some interesting points but does not really do what the title says and that is to dispell rumors. I think Karl is to close to the subject and holds it to dear to his heart to be able to objectively look at the facts and report just as that facts not personal opinions.
charles (not verified) | Thu, 08/01/2002 - 00:00 | Permalink
Hey Karl, was going to send an email congratulating you on the article, but then figured I should do it in "public." You're good at sorting the facts, without hyperbole. And I say that as someone not particularly predisposed towards the Disney aesthetic, or Disney as a corporate conglomerate. It's funny how people often have to wrap their cultural complaints in character assassination; it shows a real shallowness of argument. Also, I agree with the poster below: we should all draw the line at Disney promoting gay admirals. That's clearly a violation of the "Don't ask / Don't tell" policy.
Chris Lanier (not verified) | Mon, 07/29/2002 - 00:00 | Permalink
I really enjoyed this article. It was well put together. I just have one problem. Why is it that parents have a problem with Disney but they let their kids see and read books such as Harry Potter?
Pharra (not verified) | Mon, 07/29/2002 - 00:00 | Permalink
Paul Naas is absolutely correct (as he has been many times in the past when I was proud to be his co-instructor teaching animation at the Disney Institute). First, that this is a very well written and accurate article (which, of course, goes without saying for anything that Karl Cohen has written. Karl's contribution to animation history is much appreciated). Second, that it is a much needed article to be written. We have at least a generation or two who did not grow up watching Walt Disney on television every Sunday night. Working with college students, I can inform you that the majority of them are under the impression that Walt Disney is either like Betty Crocker or Colonel Sanders. Either completely "made up" or a real person who was merely a figurehead and not involved in the day-to-day decision making. For them, Walt Disney was not a real human but a mythological figure like Paul Bunyan. As a result, these "stories" are very hurtful because they feed that mythological image. I know for a fact that it is extremely hurtful to the Disney family if someone comments on whether Walt was frozen or not. (A simple search on the internet can provide you with Walt's death certificate along with a very clear official signature that Walt was cremated. When Walt passed away, he lay in his hospital bed for hours for the family to say its final good-byes. Certainly not something to do with a body to be cryogenically frozen.) Just like Elvis, it is hard for us to accept that Walt is gone because he had so much more to do and share. I tell folks that the only Disney On Ice is the Feld Entertainment show that performs in your hometown. Walt was not always a pleasant person and certainly not a perfect person but his ideas have an even greater impact on the world today than when he was alive. That type of power scares a lot of folks and the natural tendency is to lash out at it and to try to find flaws that we ignore in other products. (Does anyone recall and is still outraged by the subliminal images that were being put into GARFIELD cartoons like one frame of the Statue of Liberty as a joke?) Because of Walt Disney, we all expect more from the Disney Company. We expect a functional satisfaction (that it delivers what it says it will deliver) and an emotional satisfaction (the way it goes about delivering it). By the way, Walt COULD draw Mickey Mouse and often did up until his death although without the polish of a Freddy Moore. However, Walt could not draw Donald Duck or any of the other Disney characters on model to save his soul. I think the closest document we have today about Walt Disney is Bob Thomas's WALT DISNEY:AN AMERICAN ORIGINAL that is a well-balanced presentation of the virtues and vices of Walt Disney without wallowing in either.
Jim Korkis (not verified) | Mon, 07/29/2002 - 00:00 | Permalink
I will agree some of the things said about Disney are blown out of proportion, but some are not. I am especially very unhappy about the latest family friendly Disney film. They condone cloning, voodoo, cross dressing, and praying to a fallen star. Please don't say any of this is my imagination, because I watched the movie very closely. I am a big Disney fan. We are DVC members, belong to our local Disney club, WDCC member, etc. We go to at least 1 or 2 conventions a year. A minimum of 2 trips to the parks a year. But I do think Disney should not allow many of their totally far left animators to push their political agenda on a very trusting audience. The article rants about the religious right doing something that is perfectly legal. Boycotting is one way to make a point, and the animators putting the above mentioned causes into child films is another. And I think you mislead people about the Gay Day's at Disney. Nobody has said Gay's cannot go to Disney, but to promote that lifestyle as something admiral is also promoting an agenda. I have heard many stories about the inappropriate behavior that is displayed in front of young children. And nobody says anything for fear of offending the offenders. This is one of the reasons behind why the groups who oppose Disney call for boycotts, because a place that was meant to be the happiest place in the world for children and families promotes lowers their standards so badly.
Cynthia Langewisch (not verified) | Sun, 07/28/2002 - 00:00 | Permalink
Terrific article - I think both of the first posters missed the point. Yes, Disney has become a giant media conglomerate, but that's a fairly recent development, and happened decades after Walt's death. If the second poster sees Karl's article as negative, then he either didn't read it or didn't read it carefully enough. It's purpose is to dispel some of the rumors and false stories surrounding Walt's life. I'd encourage this fellow to go back and read it again. The problem with letting some of these rumors continue unchallenged is that sooner or later they become accepted as fact. For example, we all "know" that Mama Cass died by choking on a ham sandwich. We've all heard the story - problem is, it's not true. The same thing applies to these unsubstantiated rumors about Walt Disney. The longer they're out there unchallenged, the more they gain credibility, until they're perceived as "true". One correction - the web site mentioned in the article is www.snopes.com.
Paul Naas (not verified) | Sat, 07/27/2002 - 00:00 | Permalink
Thanks for the informative article. When I tell people I dont care for Disney, I get all sorts of weird reactions. Of course they arent thinking about the man. They are thinking about the cute little mouse and all the fluffy little characters that they buy along with their happy meals. I dont care about Disney the man. What I do care about is Disney the corporation and what it is doing to the media industry and to western culture. I don't care about Disney's attitude on homosexuality or religion. I am concerned about an expanding monopoly and its uncontrolled influence of movies and televion. Imagine an entire generation raised with only the Disney animated versions of classic stories. Imagine one company able to rewrite history with its releases of "Pocahontas" or "Pearl Harbor" Imagine Disney's dominance in the media and marketing industry. Imagine a company so powerful that they can buy New York City's 42nd street. Mickey Mouse is just an icon. No personality, no values with the exception of greed and expansion.
Karl Koeller (not verified) | Fri, 07/26/2002 - 00:00 | Permalink

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